Judith Grunfeld born Judith Rosenbaum (18 December 1902 – 14 May 1998) was a Hungarian born Jewish German teacher who spent much of her life in the United Kingdom. She was a pioneer of the revolutionary Bais Yaakov girl's education movement.[1] She taught teachers in Poland and then led a Jewish school of girls, which was evacuated throughout the war to the small town of Shefford.
Germany and Poland
Grunfeld was born in Budapest in 1902, but she was educated and raised in Frankfurt where she attended the Hirsch Real Schule before going on to Frankfurt University.[2]
In 1924, Jacob Rosenheim of Agudat Yisrael persuaded Grunfeld to abandon her dreams of going to Palestine and instead to go to Krakow, Poland and join Sarah Schenirer's fledgling school that was trying to teach girls from Jewish backgrounds.[2] Schenirer did not have an extensive Jewish education but she was to change the way that women were regarded within Jewish culture.[3] They aimed to teach girls and their teachers and get them to appreciate their culture and religion. For five years from 1924 she was involved with teaching teachers at the Beit Yaakov teachers' Seminary. She also had to raise the funds and this would involve some travel. In 1929 the school was adopted by the Orthodox "Agudat Yisrael" now that Rabbi Jacob Rosenheim was its President.[2]
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She married lawyer Isidor Grunfeld on 22 November 1932. He was a lawyer in Würzburg until 1933.[4] The Nazis' rise to power prompted them to move to Israel, they moved to London in 1933 because they struggled to find work in Israel.[5]
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